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title: Bus and connectors
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# Bus
We only speak about the **CAN** bus to take an example, because the different
packets. We just describe them a bit:
- **CAN**: Controller Area Network, developed in the early 1980s, is an
- event-triggered controller network for serial communication with data rates
- up to one MBit/s. **CAN** messages are classified over their respective
+ event-triggered controller network for serial communication with data rates up
+ to one MBit/s. **CAN** messages are classified over their respective
identifier. **CAN** controller broadcast their messages to all connected nodes
and all receiving nodes decide independently if they process the message.
- **FlewRay**: Is a deterministic and error-tolerant high-speed bus. With a data
On just about every vehicle, **ECU**s (**E**lectronic **C**ontrol **U**nits)
communicate over a CAN bus, which is a two-wire bus using hardware arbitration
for messages sent on the shared medium. This is essentially a *trusted* network
-where all traffic is visible to all controllers and any controller can send any message.
+where all traffic is visible to all controllers and any controller can send any
+message.
A malicious **ECU** on the CAN bus can easily inject messages destined for any
other device, including things like the instrument cluster and the head unit.
-There are common ways for hardware to do USB to CAN and open source software to send
-and receive messages. For example, there is a driver included in the Linux kernel
-that can be used to send/receive CAN signals. A malicious device on the CAN bus can
-cause a great number of harmful things to happen to the system, including: sending
-bogus information to other devices, sending unintended commands to ECUs,
-causing DOS (Denial Of Service) on the CAN bus, etc.
+There are common ways for hardware to do USB to CAN and open source software to
+send and receive messages. For example, there is a driver included in the Linux
+kernel that can be used to send/receive CAN signals. A malicious device on the
+CAN bus can cause a great number of harmful things to happen to the system,
+including: sending bogus information to other devices, sending unintended
+commands to ECUs, causing DOS (Denial Of Service) on the CAN bus, etc.
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-See [Security in Automotive Bus Systems](http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.92.728&rep=rep1&type=pdf) for more information.
+See [Security in Automotive Bus
+Systems](http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.92.728&rep=rep1&type=pdf)
+for more information.
# Connectors